干货|高职高考语法填空就应该这么学！
来源：广东睿博教育2019-07-29 15:32:53
这个题其实不难，因为实在是太套路了，对付套路的办法不是用大块时间来琢磨怎么提分，而是get技巧就好了，考不出这些之外了~emm...不会的童鞋一定要认真看呀!
01.名词形式变化
名词的形式变化主要有单数、复数、所有格的变化。
例：There are many students living at school，the______ (child) houses are all far from school.
由students一词可以判断出横线处应填复数，且作为houses的定语，所以应用其所有格形式，故答案为child的复合变化形式——复数的所有格children’s。
02.动词的形式变化
动词的形式变化比较多，有谓语的变化(时态、语态、语气)，有非谓语的变化(不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词)。
例：A talk_______ (give) tomorrow is written by Professor Zhang.
句中的is written是整句的谓语，所以横线所在的动词应当用作非谓语。从tomorrow可以看出，报告是“将来”作的，故用不定式;且报告是give动作的承受者，故可以判断出横线所在处用give的不定式被动式——to be given.
03.代词形式变化
代词形式变化通常是与人称变化有关的三大类五小类，即人称代词(主格和宾格)、物主代词(形容词性和名词性)、反身代词。另外还有几个不定代词的形式变化，如no one/none、other/another等。
例：The king decided to see the painter by ________(he).
由介词by可以看出，横线处应填反身代词himself。
04.形容词、副词比较级变化
英语中大部分形容词和表方式的副词都有原级、比较级和最高级的变化。构成比较级和级的方式，或通过加后缀一er和.est，或在词前more/less和most/least，且形容词的级还要冠以the。
例：I am _____ (tall)than Liu Wen．He is the tallest students in my class．
此题后句交代了LiuWen是班上最高的学生，那“我”肯定比他矮，所以不能用taller，只能用表示程度不如的“less tall”。
05.数词形式变化
数词的形式变化包括基数词、序数词，或加后缀一teen、ty的变化，甚至还有作分母用的序数词的单复数形式，以及one／two的特殊变化形式 once／twice
例：To my three sons I leave my seventeen horses．My eldest son shall take a half，my second son shall take a _______(three).
从上下文连续起来理解，这是一个分马的计划，大儿子分得a half，也就是“一半”或“二分之一”，那么二儿子应该得“三分之一”，所以要填入作分母的序数词“third”才能命中目标。
06.词的派生
词的派生现象在英语单词中是很常见的，派生现象主要发生在名词、动词、形容词、副词四种词中。这种题型还有可能检测学生对词根、前后缀、派生词的掌握。
例：Lious lost his wallet yesterday，so he was very____(happiness)．
在这道题中，学生很容易判断出该用形容词；钱包丢了，人应该是不开心的，所以要再加个前缀un，就成了unhappy。
07.固定短语结构
根据句中横线前后及整句来判断横线前后是否构成一个固定短语，但有时要对横线前或后的几个单词“视而不见”才能命中答案。（这种往往没有提示词，难度也会更大一些）
例1：The children were playing on the ground，enjoying____，dirty but happy.
从句中的happy可以 猜出孩子们是开心的，所以应用enjoy oneself短语，故其答案为themselves。
例2：His boss was____angry as to fire him．
如果“跳过”横线后面的angry，就可以发现这里用到一个关联短语so...as to...，所以，so是正解。
08.从句引导词
从句是此题型最为常见的一个方向，主要检测学生对引导词的掌握程度。
例1：He did not done_____his father had asked him to do．
审题可知，横线所在为宾语从句的引导词，此引导词在从句中充当宾语，且指物，所以是what。
例2：Those_____want to go to the village must sign here．
经过观察可以判断横线所在为定语从句的引导词，进一步观察可知先行词为those，且指人，所以只能填入who，在定语从句中做主语。
09.短语动词结构
短语动词是以动词为中心的两个或多个词构成的短语，此类短语中往往是动词与介词或副词连用的多些。
例1：The US consists____fifty states．
根据常识可知，美国由50个州组成，故横线处与前一词组合，表示“由......组成”，所以答案是of。
例2：Mrs Baker was ill，so her daughter had to ask for leave to take_____of her．
ask for live请假，生病需要人照顾，所以答案是care，与前后词构成take care of。
10.短语介词结构
短语介词即多个词的组合。起介词作用的短语，如：except for，due to等。
例1：Mr Smith took a plane to London____of taking a train.
此题中说到两种交通工具，所以可以理解此句有“坐……而不是坐……”的意思，故答案为instead，以构成介词短语instead of。
11.连词、关联短语结构
常用的连词有and，or，but，so，for，while等，常用的关联短语有both…and...，either…or...，neither…nor...，not only…but also...等。
例1：Little Wang Jun could not go to school，_____his family was too poor．
此处表示原因，引导的分句其实是一种解释说明，不是必然的因果关系，且前面有逗号隔开，所以填for。
12.冠词、介词和常用的副词
冠词只能是在a，an，the之间判断；常用的介词有in，at，on，before，during等，通常考查固定搭配；副词的量还是比较多，如：however，never，yet，much等。
例1：Jackie likes to drive at____ high speed．
这里考查的是不定冠词的习惯用法，答案为a，构成at a high speed，“以高速”开车。
例2：Old Tom’s grand daughter used to visit him_____Saturday afternoon．
Saturday afternoon是指定的某天下午，所以不用介词in，而用on才是正解。
13.上下文中出现的相关词
这一招是最为灵活的，但也是最难的。学生可以根据上下文关系和自己积累的知识，填入某个已出现的词，或其反义词，或其同类的某个词。
答案的线索可能在本句，可能出现在上下相连的一句，还可能出现在比较远的地方——上下段中与此段位置大体相当的句子。如果该横线出现在某段的首句，则线索可能在上下段的.首句；如果横线出现在某段的末句，则线索可能在上下段的末句，以此类推。
例：Tony____travelling abroad，but dislikes staying home watching TV．
由第二句话中的dislikes可以判断，此横线处应该是填其反义词likes。
上面的大家都掌握了之后，再分享一些比较好记忆的口诀和要点总结：
接不定式作宾语的动词
三个希望两答应：hope，wish，want，agree，promise
两个要求莫拒绝：demand，ask，refuse
设法学会做决定：manage，learn，decide
不要假装在选择：petend，choose
句子种类口诀
句子按用途分四大体，陈述疑问感叹和祈使。
陈述用来叙述一件事，疑问主要用来提问题。
祈使表达命令和请求，表达强烈感情感叹句。
上述九是句种之定义，祈使主语you被抛弃。
若将其变成否定形式，动词之前加don’t是正理
冠词基本用法
名词是秃子，常要戴帽子，
可数名词单，须用a或an，
辅音前用a，an在元音前，
若为特指时，则须用定冠，
复数不可数，泛指the不见，
碰到代词时，冠词均不现。
语法填空这个题型平时的时候一定要注意积累总结，它虽然考察语法，但并不是很深入系统的考察，所以积累技巧就可以啦。
附：练习题
Indoor plants add color and warmth to the home. Many houseplants __56__(be) easy to grow, but they must be given appropriate care. The very first thing to consider when __57__(select) a houseplant is where you want to put it. Then match the space and lighting with the plant's requirements. Do you have a big spot by a __58__(sun) window or a small space with little light? Next ask __59__(you) whether you are looking for a plant with beautiful green leaves __60__a flowering plant. Some flowering houseplants are seasonal while others will bloom year after year.
Watering properly is one of __61__most important parts of indoor plant care. Room temperature tap water should be fine for most indoor plants, but remember not__62__(water) too much at a time, otherwise they will __63__(certain) get drowned.
Some plants grow well in warm, humid environments, while others prefer hot, dry climates. Of course, your home can't be everything to every plant, but if you can take plant needs into __64__(consider), you can make sure that your plants are living __65__their ideal environment.
参考答案
56.are 57.selecting 58.sunny 59.yourself 60.or 61.the 62.to water 63.certainly 64.consideration 65.in
Nowadays napping (打个盹)is very much part of a normal, everyday life in many parts of the world. China, for example, is a land of nappers. __56__the previous studies suggest, napping can not only help babies and young children learn better__57__help brain work better in older adults.
Researchers recently carried out a study, __58__(hope) to find out if napping after a mid-day meal, a tradition in some areas, had any effect on the mental__59__(perform) of the subjects.
First, the researchers asked the people if they napped and how long. Then, according__60__their answers, researchers put them into several groups. Nearly 60 percent of those people said they did take a nap after lunch and __61__their naps lasted anywhere from 30 to 90 minutes. Most of the subjects said they __62__(nap) for about an hour.
The study found that people who took __63__hour-long nap did much better on mental tests than those who did not nap. The hour-long nappers also did better on the tests than those who napped for shorter and longer __64__(period). In this study, it seemed that the most effective nap lasted for about an hour, but not much__65__(long).
参考答案
56.as 57.but 58.hoping 59.performance 60.to 61.that 62.napped 63.an 64.periods 65.longer
